What is a Stick Curtain Wall?
A stick curtain wall is a type of curtain wall system made up of individual vertical and horizontal framing members, known as “sticks,” which are assembled piece-by-piece directly on the construction site. These sticks, typically made from aluminum or steel, form the structural frame to hold glass panels or other infill materials.
Unlike unitized curtain walls, which come as factory-assembled panels, stick curtain walls are built section by section on site. This method offers flexibility but requires skilled labor and careful quality control.
Key Components of Stick Curtain Walls
Vertical Mullions: These are the main vertical framing members that support the structure.
Horizontal Rails: These connect the mullions and provide support for glass panels.
Glass Panels: Usually insulated glass units (IGUs) that provide thermal efficiency.
Pressure Plates & Cover Caps: Secure the glass and enhance the facade’s appearance.
Gaskets & Sealants: Ensure air and water tightness for weather resistance.
Anchors & Thermal Breaks: Attach the system to the building and improve energy performance.
How Are Stick Curtain Walls Installed?
The installation of stick curtain walls involves multiple steps:
Vertical mullions are anchored to the building’s structure.
Horizontal rails are fitted between the mullions to form a grid.
Glass panels are carefully lifted and set into the frame.
Pressure plates are secured over the glass to hold it firmly.
Cover caps are snapped on for a clean, finished look.
Sealants and gaskets are applied to prevent air and water leakage.
This step-by-step assembly is typically done floor-by-floor or bay-by-bay, requiring precision and skilled labor to ensure proper fit and finish.
Advantages of Stick Curtain Walls
Flexible Installation: The system adapts well to complex building shapes and on-site modifications.
Cost-Effective for Mid-Sized Projects: Materials are often less expensive than unitized panels.
Easier Transportation: Smaller components are simpler to ship and handle.
Easy Repairs: Damaged panels can be replaced individually without dismantling large sections.
Varied Design Options: Allows different glass sizes and types to be used.
Disadvantages to Consider
Labor-Intensive: On-site assembly requires more time and skilled workers.
Weather-Dependent: Installation can be delayed by bad weather since the frame is exposed during construction.
Less Factory Control: More potential for errors and inconsistencies compared to factory-assembled units.
Longer Installation Time: Overall project duration may increase.
Where Are Stick Curtain Walls Used?
Stick curtain walls are popular in a variety of buildings, including:
Mid-rise commercial office buildings
Schools and hospitals
Residential towers of moderate height
Renovation and retrofit projects
Buildings with irregular or curved facades
Municipal buildings and libraries
Their adaptability and cost-effectiveness make them ideal for many architectural styles and budgets.
Design and Maintenance Tips
To maximize performance and longevity:
Use thermal breaks and insulated glass for energy efficiency.
Design for adequate drainage to prevent water accumulation.
Schedule regular inspections for sealant and gasket condition.
Clean glass and frames routinely to maintain appearance and function.
Replace damaged components promptly to avoid further issues.
Stick vs. Unitized Curtain Walls: What’s the Difference?
While stick curtain walls are assembled on site piece-by-piece, unitized curtain walls arrive as complete panels ready to install. Unitized systems offer faster installation and better factory quality control but often come with higher costs and transportation challenges. The choice depends on project size, budget, and design complexity.
The Future of Stick Curtain Walls
Innovations continue to enhance stick curtain wall systems, including:
Improved materials and coatings for durability
Integration of smart and energy-efficient glass
Prefabrication techniques speeding up on-site assembly
BIM technology for precise design and coordination
Sustainable, recyclable components
Incorporation of renewable energy elements like solar panels
Conclusion
Stick curtain walls remain a versatile and widely used solution for modern building facades. Their flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and aesthetic appeal make them an excellent choice for many projects. By understanding their components, installation, advantages, and limitations, architects, builders, and developers can make informed decisions that enhance building performance and beauty.
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